Cognitive behavioural therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)

Insomnia symptoms affect approximately one third of the adult population worldwide. Insomnia sleep disorder affects approximately 10% of the UK population. Insomnia is a 24-hour disorder in that its effects are felt across both night and day. Insomnia is defined as difficulty with falling asleep, staying asleep, and/or early morning awakening. Brief periods of wakefulness in the night are normal, but people who do not have insomnia are able to fall asleep again quickly, and with ease. Chronic untreated insomnia correlates with increased risk of subsequent physical and mental health problems (Perlis et.al, 2022).

CBT-I is the recommended first-line treatment for insomnia regardless of whether the underlying cause has been identified or not. Accurate diagnosis is key for effective treatment and so an accurate insomnia diagnosis is crucial. CBT-I is a structured short-term psychological model offered weekly comprising cognitive and behavioural interventions and can occur concurrent with therapy for other disorders. Research suggests that treating the insomnia can have a beneficial effect on treatment gains for other disorders. CBT-I comprises specific components and not all components will be suitable or applicable to all patients. Ultimately treatment success depends on the patient’s willingness to comply with treatment recommendations.